Text:

In a small village, there was a famous baker named Mr. Johnson. Every morning, Mr. Johnson baked fresh bread and pastries for the villagers. The smell of freshly baked goods filled the air, and people eagerly waited in line to buy their favorite treats. The bakery was known for its delicious croissants, which were made using a secret family recipe.

One day, a famous food critic visited the village. The critic was impressed by the taste of the bread and decided to write a review. The review was published in a popular magazine, and soon after, more tourists began visiting the bakery. The bakery's popularity grew, and Mr. Johnson hired more staff to help with the increasing demand. The new employees were trained by Mr. Johnson himself to ensure that the quality of the products remained high.

However, not everything was perfect. A group of villagers noticed that the bakery was using plastic bags to pack the bread, which concerned them because of environmental issues. They organized a meeting and suggested that the bakery should switch to eco-friendly packaging. Mr. Johnson listened to their concerns and decided to make a change. The bakery started using paper bags, which were well-received by the customers.

Thanks to the villagers' suggestions, the bakery became even more popular, not only for its delicious products but also for its commitment to the environment.

Questions:

1. Identify the Voice:
   • Is the sentence "Mr. Johnson baked fresh bread and pastries" in the active or passive voice?
   • Is the sentence "The review was published in a popular magazine" in the active or passive voice?
2. Convert the Sentences:
   • Convert the sentence "The new employees were trained by Mr. Johnson" to active voice.
   • Convert the sentence "Mr. Johnson baked fresh bread" to passive voice.
3. Comprehension Questions:
   • Why did the bakery become even more popular after the change in packaging?
   • Who wrote the review that increased the bakery's popularity?
4. Fill in the Blanks:
   • The bakery __________ (visit) by many tourists after the review was published.
   • Mr. Johnson __________ (decide) to switch to eco-friendly packaging.
5. Create Your Own Sentences:
   • Write an active sentence describing what Mr. Johnson does every morning.
   • Write a passive sentence about the bakery’s packaging change.

Activity 1: Identify the Voice

• Objective: Determine whether the sentences are in the active or passive voice.
• Instructions: Read each sentence and label it as either "Active" or "Passive."

Examples:

1. The chef prepared a delicious meal. (Active)
2. The letter was written by the student. (Passive)
3. The novel is being read by the entire class. (Passive)
4. She sang a beautiful song. (Active)
5. The homework was completed by the students. (Passive)

Activity 2: Convert Sentences

• Objective: Practice converting sentences from active to passive voice and vice versa.
• Instructions: Rewrite the following sentences from active to passive voice or from passive to active voice.

Examples:

1. The teacher explained the lesson. (Active)
   The lesson was explained by the teacher. (Passive)
2. The car was washed by John. (Passive)
   John washed the car. (Active)

Activity 3: Fill in the Blanks

• Objective: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in either active or passive voice.
• Instructions: Complete each sentence with the correct verb form.

Examples:

1. The cake ________ (bake) by my mother yesterday. (was baked)
2. They ________ (deliver) the packages to the customers. (delivered)
3. The report ________ (submit) by the manager last week. (was submitted)
4. The team ________ (win) the match. (won)

Activity 4: Create Your Own Sentences

• Objective: Encourage creativity by having students create their own active and passive sentences.
• Instructions: Write five active sentences and then convert each one into the passive voice. Alternatively, write five passive sentences and convert them into active voice.

Examples:

1. Active: The scientist discovered a new element.
   Passive: A new element was discovered by the scientist.
2. Passive: The bridge was built by the engineers.
   Active: The engineers built the bridge.

Activity 5: Sentence Matching

• Objective: Match active sentences with their corresponding passive versions.
• Instructions: Below are pairs of sentences. Match each active sentence on the left with its passive equivalent on the right.

Examples:

1. Active: The artist painted the portrait.
   Passive: The portrait was painted by the artist.
2. Active: The company will launch the new product.
   Passive: The new product will be launched by the company.

Activity 6: Group Activity - Active/Passive Story

• Objective: Collaborative storytelling using active and passive voice.
• Instructions: In groups, students will write a short story. Half of the sentences must be in active voice and half in passive voice. After completing the story, they will underline the active sentences in one color and the passive sentences in another.

Activity 7: Error Correction

• Objective: Identify and correct errors related to the use of active and passive voice.
• Instructions: Read the following sentences and correct any errors in the use of active or passive voice.

Examples:

1. The song were sung by the choir. (was sung)
2. The letter write by Mary. (was written)
3. They is building a new mall. (are building)

Text:

In a small village, there was a famous baker named Mr. Johnson. Every morning, Mr. Johnson baked fresh bread and pastries for the villagers. The smell of freshly baked goods filled the air, and people eagerly waited in line to buy their favorite treats. The bakery was known for its delicious croissants, which were made using a secret family recipe.

One day, a famous food critic visited the village. The critic was impressed by the taste of the bread and decided to write a review. The review was published in a popular magazine, and soon after, more tourists began visiting the bakery. The bakery's popularity grew, and Mr. Johnson hired more staff to help with the increasing demand. The new employees were trained by Mr. Johnson himself to ensure that the quality of the products remained high.

However, not everything was perfect. A group of villagers noticed that the bakery was using plastic bags to pack the bread, which concerned them because of environmental issues. They organized a meeting and suggested that the bakery should switch to eco-friendly packaging. Mr. Johnson listened to their concerns and decided to make a change. The bakery started using paper bags, which were well-received by the customers.

Thanks to the villagers' suggestions, the bakery became even more popular, not only for its delicious products but also for its commitment to the environment.

Questions:

1. Identify the Voice:
   • Is the sentence "Mr. Johnson baked fresh bread and pastries" in the active or passive voice?
   • Is the sentence "The review was published in a popular magazine" in the active or passive voice?
2. Convert the Sentences:
   • Convert the sentence "The new employees were trained by Mr. Johnson" to active voice.
   • Convert the sentence "Mr. Johnson baked fresh bread" to passive voice.
3. Comprehension Questions:
   • Why did the bakery become even more popular after the change in packaging?
   • Who wrote the review that increased the bakery's popularity?
4. Fill in the Blanks:
   • The bakery __________ (visit) by many tourists after the review was published.
   • Mr. Johnson __________ (decide) to switch to eco-friendly packaging.
5. Create Your Own Sentences:
   • Write an active sentence describing what Mr. Johnson does every morning.
   • Write a passive sentence about the bakery’s packaging change.

This activity helps reinforce the understanding of active and passive voice while also checking comprehension of the text.

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Here are the answers to the questions based on the provided text:

1. Identify the Voice:

• The sentence "Mr. Johnson baked fresh bread and pastries" is in the active voice.
• The sentence "The review was published in a popular magazine" is in the passive voice.

2. Convert the Sentences:

• Active to Passive: "Mr. Johnson trained the new employees."
• Passive to Active: "Fresh bread was baked by Mr. Johnson."

3. Comprehension Questions:

• The bakery became even more popular after the change in packaging because it started using eco-friendly paper bags, which were well-received by the customers, showing the bakery's commitment to the environment.
• A famous food critic wrote the review that increased the bakery's popularity.

4. Fill in the Blanks:

• The bakery was visited by many tourists after the review was published.
• Mr. Johnson decided to switch to eco-friendly packaging.

5. Create Your Own Sentences:

• Active: Every morning, Mr. Johnson prepares the dough for the bread.
• Passive: The bakery's packaging was changed to eco-friendly paper bags.

 Text: The Impact of Technological Advancements on Modern Society

The 21st century has witnessed an unprecedented surge in technological advancements that have transformed nearly every aspect of modern society. From communication to transportation, from healthcare to education, technology has revolutionized the way we live, work, and interact with each other.

One of the most significant developments has been the rise of the internet and digital communication platforms. These innovations have made it possible to connect with people across the globe in real time. Social media, for instance, allows individuals to share their thoughts, experiences, and ideas with a vast audience instantaneously. However, this digital connectivity has also raised concerns about privacy and the spread of misinformation.

In the healthcare sector, technology has led to remarkable progress in diagnosing and treating diseases. Telemedicine has made healthcare more accessible, especially in remote areas. Wearable devices that monitor vital signs have empowered individuals to take charge of their health. Despite these benefits, there is an ongoing debate about the ethical implications of using artificial intelligence in medical decision-making.

Education has also been transformed by technology. E-learning platforms have provided students with the flexibility to learn at their own pace and access a wealth of resources online. However, the digital divide remains a significant challenge, as not everyone has equal access to these technological tools.

In conclusion, while technological advancements have brought about numerous benefits, they also present challenges that society must address. The key to harnessing technology's potential lies in finding a balance between innovation and ethical considerations.

Grammar Section:

1. Identifying Tenses:

• Find and underline all the verbs in the text. Identify the tense of each verb (e.g., present perfect, past simple).
• Rewrite the following sentence in the future perfect tense: "Technology has revolutionized the way we live, work, and interact with each other."

2. Active and Passive Voice:

• Convert the following sentence to passive voice: "Wearable devices that monitor vital signs have empowered individuals to take charge of their health."
• Convert the following sentence to active voice: "The digital divide remains a significant challenge."

3. Conditional Sentences:

• Create a conditional sentence using the following idea: "If society does not address the challenges of technological advancements, ..."
• Identify the type of conditional used in this sentence from the text: "If not everyone has equal access to these technological tools, the digital divide will persist."

Vocabulary Section:

1. Synonyms and Antonyms:

• Find synonyms for the following words from the text: "unprecedented," "remarkable," "transform."
• Find antonyms for the following words: "accessible," "benefits," "connectivity."

2. Word Formation:

• Create a noun from the word "innovate."
• Create an adjective from the word "ethics."
• Use the word "empower" in a sentence.

3. Contextual Vocabulary:

• Explain the meaning of the word "telemedicine" based on the context provided in the text.
• What does "digital divide" refer to in the text? How is it impacting education?

·         Comprehension Questions:

1. Summarize the main points discussed in the text regarding the impact of technology on society. 2. What are some of the challenges mentioned in the text related to technological advancements? 3. How has technology specifically impacted the healthcare and education sectors according to the text? 4. What ethical concerns are associated with the use of technology, particularly in healthcare? 5. Based on the text, what is the "digital divide," and why is it significant?

Grammar Section:

1. Identifying Tenses:

• Verbs in the text and their tenses:
  • "has witnessed" (Present Perfect)
  • "have transformed" (Present Perfect)
  • "has revolutionized" (Present Perfect)
  • "have made" (Present Perfect)
  • "allows" (Present Simple)
  • "to share" (Infinitive)
  • "has raised" (Present Perfect)
  • "has led" (Present Perfect)
  • "has made" (Present Perfect)
  • "monitor" (Present Simple)
  • "have empowered" (Present Perfect)
  • "remains" (Present Simple)
  • "has provided" (Present Perfect)
  • "remains" (Present Simple)
  • "has" (Present Simple)
  • "must address" (Modal + Base Verb)
  • "lies" (Present Simple)
  • "harnessing" (Gerund)
  • "finding" (Gerund)
• Rewriting the sentence in future perfect tense:
  • "Technology will have revolutionized the way we live, work, and interact with each other."

2. Active and Passive Voice:

• Convert to passive voice:
  • "Individuals have been empowered to take charge of their health by wearable devices that monitor vital signs."
• Convert to active voice:
  • "A significant challenge remains the digital divide."

3. Conditional Sentences:

• Create a conditional sentence:
  • "If society does not address the challenges of technological advancements, the consequences could be severe."
• Identify the type of conditional:
  • The sentence "If not everyone has equal access to these technological tools, the digital divide will persist" is a First Conditional (real and possible situations in the future).

Vocabulary Section:

1. Synonyms and Antonyms:

• Synonyms:
  • "Unprecedented" - Extraordinary
  • "Remarkable" - Notable
  • "Transform" - Change
• Antonyms:
  • "Accessible" - Inaccessible
  • "Benefits" - Drawbacks
  • "Connectivity" - Isolation

2. Word Formation:

• Noun from "innovate": Innovation
• Adjective from "ethics": Ethical
• Sentence using "empower": "The new training program aims to empower employees to take on leadership roles within the company."

3. Contextual Vocabulary:

• Meaning of "telemedicine": Based on the context, "telemedicine" refers to the practice of using technology, particularly the internet and digital communication tools, to provide medical care to patients remotely.
• "Digital divide" refers to: The gap between individuals who have access to modern information and communication technology and those who do not. In the context of the text, it significantly impacts education by limiting some students' access to online learning resources.

Comprehension Questions:

1. Main points:

• The text discusses the transformative impact of technological advancements on society, particularly in communication, healthcare, and education. It highlights the benefits, such as improved connectivity, medical advancements, and flexible learning, while also addressing challenges like privacy concerns, ethical dilemmas, and the digital divide.

2. Challenges:

• The text mentions challenges including privacy issues, the spread of misinformation, ethical concerns in healthcare (especially with AI), and the digital divide in education.

3. Impact on healthcare and education:

• Healthcare: Technology has improved the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, made healthcare more accessible through telemedicine, and empowered individuals with health-monitoring devices.
• Education: E-learning platforms have transformed education by offering flexibility and resources, but the digital divide remains a barrier to equal access.

4. Ethical concerns:

• Ethical concerns in healthcare involve the use of artificial intelligence in medical decision-making, which raises questions about the reliability, fairness, and potential consequences of such technology.

5. "Digital divide" and its significance:

• The digital divide refers to the gap between those who have access to modern technology and those who do not. It is significant because it creates disparities in opportunities, particularly in education, where students without access to technology are at a disadvantage compared to their peers.