Activity 1: Fill in the Blanks

Instructions: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb provided in parentheses. Then, explain why the chosen form is correct.

1. She (go) to the gym every morning.
   • Answer: "goes"
   • Explanation: The subject "she" is a third-person singular noun, so we add "-es" to the base form of the verb "go."
2. They (watch) a movie last night.
   • Answer: "watched"
   • Explanation: The action happened in the past, so the past tense of "watch" is used by adding "-ed."
3. I (be) very tired after the long flight.
   • Answer: "was"
   • Explanation: The subject "I" is first-person singular, and in the past tense, we use "was" instead of "am."
4. We (have) a great time at the party last weekend.
   • Answer: "had"
   • Explanation: The action occurred in the past, so the past tense form of "have" is "had."

Activity 2: Sentence Transformation

Instructions: Rewrite the sentences using the correct verb form based on the context given. Explain your choice.

1. Original: If he go to the store, he buy some milk.
   • Revised: If he goes to the store, he will buy some milk.
   • Explanation: In the first clause, "goes" is used because "he" is a third-person singular subject. In the second clause, "will buy" is used to indicate a future action.
2. Original: She eat her lunch by the time I arrived.
   • Revised: She had eaten her lunch by the time I arrived.
   • Explanation: "Had eaten" is used because the action of eating was completed before the past action of arriving, indicating the past perfect tense.
3. Original: By the end of this month, I work at this company for five years.
   • Revised: By the end of this month, I will have worked at this company for five years.
   • Explanation: "Will have worked" is used to express an action that will be completed by a certain time in the future, indicating the future perfect tense.

Activity 3: Verb Tense Matching

Instructions: Match the sentence with the correct verb tense. Then, explain why the verb tense is appropriate.

1. Sentence: "She will be studying at 8 PM tomorrow."
   • Verb Tense: Future Continuous
   • Explanation: The future continuous tense ("will be studying") is used to indicate an action that will be in progress at a specific time in the future.
2. Sentence: "He has lived here since 2010."
   • Verb Tense: Present Perfect
   • Explanation: The present perfect tense ("has lived") is used because the action started in the past and continues into the present.
3. Sentence: "They were playing soccer when it started to rain."
   • Verb Tense: Past Continuous
   • Explanation: The past continuous tense ("were playing") is used to describe an action that was ongoing when another action (it started to rain) occurred.

Activity 4: Verb Form Correction

Instructions: Identify and correct the verb form error in each sentence. Provide an explanation for the correction.

1. Incorrect: She drink coffee every morning.
   • Corrected: She drinks coffee every morning.
   • Explanation: The subject "she" is third-person singular, so the verb "drink" should have an "s" added to form "drinks."
2. Incorrect: I was seeing the movie when the phone rang.
   • Corrected: I was watching the movie when the phone rang.
   • Explanation: The verb "watch" is more appropriate for the context of viewing a movie. "Seeing" is often used in continuous forms for visual perception or romantic contexts.
3. Incorrect: By next week, she will graduate from college.
   • Corrected: By next week, she will have graduated from college.
   • Explanation: The future perfect tense ("will have graduated") is required to indicate that the graduation will be completed by a certain time in the future.
4. She (read/reads) a book every night.
5. They (is/are) planning a surprise party.
6. He (go/went) to the market yesterday.
7. I (have/has) already finished my homework.
8. We (were/was) watching TV when the power went out.
9. She (play/plays) the piano beautifully.
10. By the time you arrive, I (will/would) have left.
11. They (visit/visited) their grandparents last weekend.
12. She (has/have) never been to Paris.
13. I (am/is) feeling much better now.
14. They (run/runs) every morning before work.
15. He (bake/bakes) cookies for his neighbors on Sundays.
16. We (will/would) be traveling to Spain next month.
17. She (take/took) a walk after dinner last night.
18. They (have/has) been friends for many years.
19. I (was/were) very tired after the long journey.
20. He (study/studies) hard for his exams.
21. By the time you called, they (had/have) already left.
22. She (is/are) going to the gym later.
23. They (has/have) never missed a meeting.
24. He (write/writes) in his journal every evening.
25. I (am/is) planning to visit my family next weekend.
26. She (eat/ate) dinner before the movie started.
27. We (was/were) having dinner when the doorbell rang.
28. They (will/would) finish the project by tomorrow.
29. He (go/goes) to the office by bus.
30. I (have/has) been learning French for three months.
31. She (sing/sings) in the choir every Sunday.
32. By the time the show ends, I (will/would) have finished my work.
33. They (visit/visits) their relatives every summer.

Correct Answers with Explanations:

1. reads – "She" is third-person singular; we use "reads."
2. are – "They" is plural; we use "are."
3. went – The action happened in the past; "went" is the past tense of "go."
4. have – "I" is first-person singular; we use "have."
5. were – "We" is plural; "were" is used in the past continuous.
6. plays – "She" is third-person singular; we use "plays."
7. will – "By the time" indicates a future action; "will have left."
8. visited – The action occurred in the past; "visited" is the past tense.
9. has – "She" is third-person singular; we use "has."
10. am – "I" is first-person singular; we use "am."
11. run – "They" is plural; we use "run."
12. bakes – "He" is third-person singular; we use "bakes."
13. will – "Next month" indicates a future action; "will be traveling."
14. took – The action happened in the past; "took" is the past tense.
15. have – "They" is plural; we use "have."
16. was – "I" is first-person singular; we use "was."
17. studies – "He" is third-person singular; we use "studies."
18. had – The action was completed before another past action; "had left."
19. is – "She" is third-person singular; we use "is."
20. have – "They" is plural; we use "have."
21. writes – "He" is third-person singular; we use "writes."
22. am – "I" is first-person singular; we use "am."
23. ate – The action happened before another past action; "ate" is past tense.
24. were – "We" is plural; "were" is used in the past continuous.
25. will – "By tomorrow" indicates future completion; "will finish."
26. goes – "He" is third-person singular; we use "goes."
27. have – "I" is first-person singular; we use "have."
28. sings – "She" is third-person singular; we use "sings."
29. will – "By the time" indicates a future action; "will have finished."
30. visit – "They" is plural; we use "visit."

1. If she (know/knew) the answer, she would have told us by now.
2. The committee (debate/debates) the issue thoroughly before making a decision.
3. By next year, he (will have completed/will complete) his PhD.
4. If they (were/was) to arrive earlier, we could have avoided the traffic.
5. She wishes she (had/have) more time to finish the project.
6. The team (is/are) divided on the best approach to take.
7. Had I (realize/realized) the mistake sooner, I could have corrected it.
8. Neither of the candidates (has/have) the experience required for the job.
9. I (would have gone/would go) to the party if I had known about it.
10. The manager insisted that the report (be/was) completed by Friday.
11. He behaves as if he (knows/knew) everything.
12. If only she (arrives/arrived) earlier, she wouldn't have missed the train.
13. The news that the project (was/were) canceled surprised everyone.
14. Should he (ask/asked) for help, I would gladly assist him.
15. Each of the students (is/are) required to submit their work by Monday.
16. By the time the plane lands, I (will have been flying/will be flying) for over twelve hours.
17. If I (was/were) in your position, I would take the job.
18. The board of directors (meet/meets) every quarter to review company performance.
19. The professor demanded that the assignment (is/be) turned in on time.
20. I wish you (was/were) more careful with your belongings.
21. The fact that he (is/are) here doesn’t mean he agrees with us.
22. The workers insist that their pay (be/was) increased.
23. By this time tomorrow, we (will have signed/will sign) the contract.
24. The lawyer suggested that the evidence (be/is) re-examined.
25. If the weather (improves/improved), the event could still go ahead.
26. The findings of the study (suggest/suggests) that more research is needed.
27. Should you (have known/had known) the rules, you wouldn’t have made that mistake.
28. The proposal, along with the accompanying documents, (has/have) been reviewed.
29. The teacher recommended that he (reads/read) the article before the test.
30. If only he (knew/knows) how to fix the issue, we wouldn’t be in this situation.

Correct Answers with Explanations:

1. knew – This is a hypothetical situation in the past, so "knew" (past subjunctive) is used.
2. debates – "The committee" is a collective noun treated as singular here, so "debates" is correct.
3. will have completed – Future perfect is used to indicate an action that will be completed by a certain time in the future.
4. were – In conditional sentences, "were" is used in the past subjunctive for all subjects.
5. had – "Wishes" require the past subjunctive, so "had" is correct.
6. is – "The team" is a collective noun treated as singular in American English.
7. realized – "Had" is used with the past participle "realized" to indicate a past unreal condition.
8. has – "Neither" is singular, so "has" is correct.
9. would have gone – This is a past unreal conditional, so "would have gone" is correct.
10. be – After verbs like "insisted," the base form of the verb (subjunctive mood) is used.
11. knew – The phrase "as if" is followed by the past subjunctive in hypothetical situations.
12. arrived – "If only" is followed by the past subjunctive for unreal past situations.
13. was – "The news" is singular, so "was" is correct.
14. ask – Inverted conditional sentences use the base form of the verb.
15. is – "Each" is singular, so "is" is correct.
16. will have been flying – Future perfect continuous is used for an action that will continue up to a point in the future.
17. were – Subjunctive mood in conditional sentences uses "were" for all subjects.
18. meets – "The board of directors" is treated as a singular unit here.
19. be – After "demanded," the subjunctive "be" is used.
20. were – The subjunctive mood requires "were" in wishes and hypothetical statements.
21. is – "The fact" is singular, so "is" is correct.
22. be – The subjunctive mood "be" is used after "insist."
23. will have signed – Future perfect indicates that the action will be completed by a specific time in the future.
24. be – The subjunctive mood "be" is used after "suggested."
25. improves – Present tense is used in real conditional sentences (first conditional).
26. suggests – "The findings" is plural, so "suggest" is correct.
27. had known – Past perfect is used to express an unreal past condition.
28. has – "The proposal" is singular, so "has" is correct.
29. read – The subjunctive mood "read" (base form) is used after "recommended."
30. knew – The past subjunctive "knew" is used in hypothetical statements.